As early as 1970 it was realized the view that waste is a problem and that methods of treatment by landfilling or incineration are not satisfactory. Also, the question of recycling materials that are part of them. The Conference of the United Nations Environment and Development ( UNCED ) in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 were adopted policies that have been introduced worldwide. [3] The European Union 's concerns were much older, the first directive of the European Commission in issue Waste dating from 1975 . [4] People are used to recycle the ancient times. Archaeological Studies have shown that in times when raw material resources diminish, landfills ancient cities containing potentially less waste for recycling (tools, ceramics etc.).
In pre-industrial eras, processing waste bronze and other precious metals were collected in Europe and melted down for reuse continues, and in some areas the dust and ash from coal or wood fires were reused for the production of basic material in the manufacture of bricks . The main reason for practicing material recycling was the economic advantage, the need for natural raw materials becoming smaller.
An English entrepreneur, Benjamin Law was first transformed recycling clothes that could not be worn textile raw materials for us. So he invented 2 new materials: shoddy and mungo based on wool recovered from old clothes, combined with new wool. In 1860, in the town of Batley, England , were produced over 7,000 tons of this material.
Periods most "favorable" were the mass recycling of war . Nazi Germany is one of the countries where rationalization and recycling were taken both during and in the pre-war. In particular recycle iron and other rare metals, textile fibers or bones which was then soap .
Lack of resources caused by the two world wars and other events strongly encouraged recycling. Strong government campaigns were promoted during the de- WWII in each country involved, pushing citizens to donate metals and conserve fiber , as an important issue of patriotism . Resource conservation programs established during the war were continued later in some countries not sitting very well at natural resources with as Japan .
Japan is one of the countries where recycling is regulated by law and generally accepted by the inhabitants, more than in other countries. In 2007 in Japan were collected for recycling 802,036 tons of plastic, with 429.5% more than the 2000, that every inhabitant of the country recycles approximately 6.4 kg of plastic per year.
The next big investment in recycling occurred in the '70s, due to increased energy costs (recycling aluminum uses only 5% of the energy required for the production of virgin, glass, paper and metals also have a low energy recycling). The adoption in 1977 in the US Clean Water Act has created a strong demand for white paper (office paper that has been bleached increased value then).
A third of all waste is recycled in the United States. Thus, 82 tons of materials are recycled from a total of 251 tons of waste are produced annually [ citation needed ] . Is expected to increase by 100% the amount of recycled material in the US in the last 10 years.
In the US there is the greatest production of garbage (waste) per capita in the world. Thus, every day, on average, an American produces over 2 pounds of garbage.
In the 70's, Woodbury city of the US state of New Jersey was the first country to introduce compulsory recycling. Soon, other cities have followed suit, the main reason for the new passions of Americans for recycling the high cost of energy. This saves 95% energy when using recycled aluminum to produce aluminum.
Awareness campaign that the most efficient form of recycling waste is held in Europe under the brand three R's (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, in English Reduce, Reuse, Recycle , the French low Réutiliser, Recycler ). While in Romania have started recycling initiatives of waste under this generic before 1989, in the context of the time gaps action being imposed from above, encountered resistance. [5] Today recycling is resumed, but the success keep recycling policy and the possibility of sorting waste, which should be started from the first phase, the separate collection of recyclable materials.
In pre-industrial eras, processing waste bronze and other precious metals were collected in Europe and melted down for reuse continues, and in some areas the dust and ash from coal or wood fires were reused for the production of basic material in the manufacture of bricks . The main reason for practicing material recycling was the economic advantage, the need for natural raw materials becoming smaller.
An English entrepreneur, Benjamin Law was first transformed recycling clothes that could not be worn textile raw materials for us. So he invented 2 new materials: shoddy and mungo based on wool recovered from old clothes, combined with new wool. In 1860, in the town of Batley, England , were produced over 7,000 tons of this material.
Periods most "favorable" were the mass recycling of war . Nazi Germany is one of the countries where rationalization and recycling were taken both during and in the pre-war. In particular recycle iron and other rare metals, textile fibers or bones which was then soap .
Lack of resources caused by the two world wars and other events strongly encouraged recycling. Strong government campaigns were promoted during the de- WWII in each country involved, pushing citizens to donate metals and conserve fiber , as an important issue of patriotism . Resource conservation programs established during the war were continued later in some countries not sitting very well at natural resources with as Japan .
Japan is one of the countries where recycling is regulated by law and generally accepted by the inhabitants, more than in other countries. In 2007 in Japan were collected for recycling 802,036 tons of plastic, with 429.5% more than the 2000, that every inhabitant of the country recycles approximately 6.4 kg of plastic per year.
The next big investment in recycling occurred in the '70s, due to increased energy costs (recycling aluminum uses only 5% of the energy required for the production of virgin, glass, paper and metals also have a low energy recycling). The adoption in 1977 in the US Clean Water Act has created a strong demand for white paper (office paper that has been bleached increased value then).
A third of all waste is recycled in the United States. Thus, 82 tons of materials are recycled from a total of 251 tons of waste are produced annually [ citation needed ] . Is expected to increase by 100% the amount of recycled material in the US in the last 10 years.
In the US there is the greatest production of garbage (waste) per capita in the world. Thus, every day, on average, an American produces over 2 pounds of garbage.
In the 70's, Woodbury city of the US state of New Jersey was the first country to introduce compulsory recycling. Soon, other cities have followed suit, the main reason for the new passions of Americans for recycling the high cost of energy. This saves 95% energy when using recycled aluminum to produce aluminum.
Awareness campaign that the most efficient form of recycling waste is held in Europe under the brand three R's (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, in English Reduce, Reuse, Recycle , the French low Réutiliser, Recycler ). While in Romania have started recycling initiatives of waste under this generic before 1989, in the context of the time gaps action being imposed from above, encountered resistance. [5] Today recycling is resumed, but the success keep recycling policy and the possibility of sorting waste, which should be started from the first phase, the separate collection of recyclable materials.